Analysis Of Walt Whitman s Life - 1384 Words

Walt Whitman could be seen as a narcissist because of his confidence in knowing the â€Å"ways† of the world. He is confident in his theory that the physical self and the emotional self, or the soul, are equals in all aspects. But I’m unsure if this is such a bad thing, as narcissism has negative connotations. On the other hand, the object of a visionary poet is not to sway people a certain way or impress them but to be able to reveal a moment or feeling in time and share their findings, which Walt does. Through his work he isn’t saying look at me and all I know. He is sharing his self-discovery and soul searching with the reader to show how magical it can be. He shares his uncertainties, what it’s like to love and what it’s like to be at peace†¦show more content†¦For the Rosicky’s a dry summer could mean dead crops and for the men a strong storm could mean lost lives. The Rosicky’s and the men use the same method to keep eac h other alive. Each individual has an independent role amongst the farm that is done for the success of the greater whole. On the boat, each of the mean had a specific duty. The captain gives directions, the cook works on bailing water and the correspondent and the oiler take turns rowing. The realization of both groups that they need to group to survive makes their method of survival similar. â€Å"A seat in this boat was not unlike a seat upon a jumpy horse, and a horse is not much smaller. The boat was much like an animal. As each wave came, and she rose for it, she seemed like a horse leaping over a high fence. The manner of her ride over these walls of water is a thing of mystery. Each wave required a new leap, and a leap from the air. Then jumping and slipping and racing and dropping down, she steadied for the next threat.† This passage’s personification of the boat gives quite an uneasy feeling. When I think of a jumpy horse I think of a massive and erratic creature. Their behavior is unpredictable. This is the feeling that the men are getting from the sea. Every wave seems to be a complete surprise for the boat; she is never fully prepared when it comes. This outside force is causing their boat to become uneasy

Genre Analysis The Movie Scream 1996 - 2217 Words

Genre Analysis By Aleksandar Najdovski Genre is a French word meaning ‘type or ‘kind’ (Genre, 2016). The film industry has been around for at least 100 years. The evolution of entertainment is growing rapidly through the use of media. And as these years go on, films have begun to fit into specific genres, and are important to appeal to the different types of audiences. Films can be described to genre in different types of ways, such as stars, director and narrative to help identify what genre the film is (Neale, 1990, pg. 49). Genre in films has become common because it helps give the audience a different expectation. One specific genre of film is a horror. Horror is a genre that tries to create, panic, dread and fear for the audience.†¦show more content†¦The producers will develop a test and the audience will tell the producers whether it is something they want to see or they are not going to see. This can affect the next text to be produced in an attempt to conform to the audience demands. L ooking at the development of different types of genres and the development of films within the same genre, it’s possible to look at similarities and differences and identify changes in society and audience ideologies and tastes. Horror is designed to scare, cause alarm and dread, while also entertaining the audience at the same time in a cathartic experience (Dirk, 2016). Horror films are meant for a specific type of audience that enjoy scary films. Dirks (Tim, 2016) approach to genre horror, is that films went back as 100 years ago, from the earliest days our vivid imagination in seeing ghosts in the shadows to be connected emotionally of the unknown, and fear things that are improbable. You watch a horror film, it makes you aware of the scary surroundings, the essence of fear itself, without actually being in any sorts of danger. Dirks argues that there is a fun and thrill factor in being frightened, or watching something disturbing. It gives you that feeling of an adrenaline rush, as well as having that feeling someone is actually next to you lurking in the dark (Dirk, 2016). Todorov’s novel ‘The Fantastic’, it lies with the audience’s doubt how they can’tShow MoreRelatedHorror Genre Dissertation6741 Words   |  27 PagesIntroduction PG. 4 Discussion - 4. History of the Horror Genre PG. 5 - 9 - 5. Slasher Films and the Gender roles PG. 9 - 13 - 6. Comedy Horror PG. 13 - 16 - 7. Postmodernism and the Horror Film PG. 16 - 18 - 8. Case Study: Scream Vs. Scary Movie PG. 18 - 22 9. Conclusion PG. 23 Bibliography PG. 25 - 27 1. Abstract Page I have researched on the Horror genre, looking at when it begun, the decline in popularity it has foreseenRead MoreMedia Violence Effects on Society1930 Words   |  8 PagesMedia Violence: Effects on society â€Å"Millions of teens have seen the 1996 movie Scream†¦Scream opens with a scene in which a teenage girl is forced to watch her jock boyfriend tortured and then disemboweled by two fellow students who, it will eventually be learned, want revenge on anyone from high school who crossed them. After jock boys stomach is shown cut open and he dies screaming, the killers stab and torture the girl, then cut her throat and hang her body from a tree so that Mom can discoverRead MoreIntroduction to Film Cinema and Literature12137 Words   |  49 PagesKinetoscope, which was a sort of peep show device (Fig.1.4 1.5). The device became very popular and was adopted by many business men. The Lumiere brothers envisioned great wealth in their ability to increase the number of people who can watch a movie at the same time. To achieve this, they made people sit in a darkened room to watch motion picture projected on a screen. In 1895, they patented a device that both photographed and projected action which was named Cinematography (Fig.1.6). Some commonRead MoreAnalysis of the Music Industry30024 Words   |  121 Pageselectronic item (like a widescreen TV or home computer). What is the maximum amount of money you would feel confident borrowing in order to buy these items at this moment in time? Source: IRN Research/Key Note Want more detail? Order further customised analysis through IRN Research on keynote@irn-research.com. See Further Sources for more on this service. Consumer confidence weakened across the board in the summer months of 2005, as reflected in the decreasing desire to spend money either from savings

Cognitive Competence Free Essays

string(95) " use new methods even though he is clever enough to think of many other new potential methods\." Tomorrow’s Leader Term paper Topic: Cognitive Competence Wai (Synergy) Content Part 1 1. Definition cognitive competenceP. 3-4 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Cognitive Competence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Theory of cognitive competenceP. 5-8 3. Factors affecting cognitive competenceP. 9-10 4. Importance of cognitive competence in leadershipP. 11-12 5. Ways to enhance the level of cognitive competenceP. 13-14 Part 2 Self evaluationP. 15-17 Part 3 ReferenceP. 18-19 Part 1 Definition of cognitive competence 1. Cognitive competence is defined as the ability to perform adequately those cognitively complex tasks considered essential for living on one’s own in this society. Willis SL. (1996). Everyday cognitive competence in elderly persons: conceptual issues and empirical findings, Oct;36(5):595-601) 2. The ability to develop and apply the cognitive skills of self-talk, the reading and interpretation of social cues, using steps for problem-solving and decision making, understanding the perspective of others, understanding behavioral norms, a positive attitude towards life, and self –awareness. (The W. T. Grant Consortium on the School-Based Promotion of Social Competence (199 2: 136)) 3. Academic and intellectual achievement. include the ability to use logic, analytic thinking, and abstract reasoning) (Catalano, R. F. , Berglund, M. L. , Ryan, J. A. M. , Lonczak, H. S. , ; Hawkins, J. D. (2002). Positive youth development in the United States: Research findings on evaluations of positive youth development programs. Prevention and Treatment, 5 (15), 1-106. ) This three definitions are little bit different. The third one is too narrow as it just mentioned academic and intellectual achievement. The second one, on the other hand, is not specific enough. In my understanding, I think cognitive competence is best defined using the first two definitions. Cognitive competence is defined as the ability to perform adequately those cognitively complex tasks considered essential for living on one’s own in this society. It also includes understanding the perspective of others, understanding behavioral norms, and self –awareness. † Theory Hui Sunâ €™s model (2007) This model divides cognitive competence into three types of thinking: 1. Creative thinking, a way of looking at problems or situations from a fresh perspective that suggests unorthodox solutions (which may look unsettling at first). 2. Critical thinking, which includes reasoning, making references, self-reflection, and coordination of multiple views. Critical thinking has been described as â€Å"the process of purposeful, self-regulatory judgment, which uses reasoned consideration to evidence, context, conceptualizations, methods, and criteria. † (Facione, Peter A. Critical Thinking: What It is and Why It Counts, Insightassessment. com) 3. Rational thinking refers to logical or reasoning being involved in the thought process. It refers to providing reasons or rational behind thoughts or ideas. It adds an element of calculation and planning to a steam of thoughts rather than basing them on emotion or personal opinion. It is a kind of objective process of thinking and an analytic approach to any problem. Rational thinking is based on reasons or facts and is hence much more calculating and realistic. Geiwitz’s model This model divides cognitive competence into three steps of thinking: 1. Know what, to know what is the problem 2. Know how, to know how the problem can be solved 3. Know why, to know why choose particular method to solve the problem, or to evaluate the method currently used. What How Why In Hui and Sun’s model, creative thinking is the innovative way of thinking. It allows people to invent new things or idea. Critical thinking is used when commenting on something, e. g. in writing editorials. As for rational thinking, it is used when analyzing. In my opinion, the second model is easier to understand. And it shows progressive levels of cognitive competence, whereas the first model only divides our thinking into three different ways. Therefore, I would further explain cognitive competence using the second model for reference. Take the example of inventors of the world’s first airplane – the Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur. This is an good example to illustrate the concept of cognitive competence and the Geiwitz’s model. Applying the Geiwitz’s model, the Wright brothers’ aim was to create a â€Å"flying machine†, this is the â€Å"know what† level of cognitive competence. They then started to think and design this machine, and this is the â€Å"know how† level of cognitive competence. Finally they evaluated the products (what’s good and not good about it) and thought how to improve further. The â€Å"know how† and â€Å"know why† steps repeated. And finally an mature airplane was invented. Start Know what: to invent a flying machine Know how: How to built a better flying machine Know why: Why this model is good/not good enough Repeat A satisfatory model is invented Another example to illustrate is the development in high jump styles. The styles used in high-jumping has changed from initially scissors style, to straddle style, and finally the Fosbury style which is still using nowadays. Start Know what: to jump high Know how: What jumping style Know why: Why this style is good/not good enough Repeat A satisfatory syle is invented Factors affecting cognitive competence I think the factors affecting the development of one’s cognitive competence can be divided into intrinsic factors and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors are those confine to yourself, while extrinsic factors are those influenced by the environment. For intrinsic factors, I think there are: intelligence, personalities, knowledge and past experience. For intelligent, I think it is not difficult to imagine that it is important for high cognitive competence. Intelligence is particularly important for the â€Å"know how† and â€Å"know why† stage. Only if you are wise enough can you think of a new way to solve problem that no one has ever think of or find out what is the problem of existing method being used by other people. Moreover, intelligence is kind of inborn; therefore, cognitive competence is also inborn to a certain extent. As for personality, I think people with different personality may affect his/her performance in problem solving and the presentation of his cognitive competence. For example, if a person lacks confidence and likes to deal with problem in a low risk aspect, he/she may not abandon the existing widely used method to tackle the problem and use new methods even though he is clever enough to think of many other new potential methods. You read "Cognitive Competence" in category "Papers" They may only attempt the new ways when they are 100% more effective and safer than the existing ones. Knowledge and past experience are very similar. They both can be regarded as memory. They are very important factors that affect cognitive competence. When tackling problems, memory always acts as your â€Å"reference†, it gives you basic information and background about the problem. And help you to figure out the solution in relation to this â€Å"reference†. Like the case of the Wright brothers, when they tried to invent a flying machine, their knowledge in engineering gives them basic information of how to build it. It is interesting to notice that sometimes past experience may hinder our cognitive performance. For example, when you are dealing with a project you are very familiar with, you might too much into your experience and knowledge and think that it is impossible to explore new methods. For extrinsic factors, there are: Environment (e. g. family background, situation of the problem) and the nature of problem Environment is the major extrinsic factor affecting one’s cognitive competence. It determines many of intrinsic factors including past experience, knowledge and even personality. Environment can also affects ones attitude to deal with the problem, thus performance of cognitive competence. For example, the due date of your proposal is tomorrow morning and now is already three o’clock in the morning and you haven’t even started yet. I am sure you may feel desperate and will not spend much time to think of the new ideas. Moreover, family socialization also affects cognitive competence and intelligence of people. (Grundmann, M. ; Teo, Thomas; Socialization, intelligence, and cognitive competence (1997)) Another one is the nature of the problem. It determines one’s past experience and knowledge are useful or not. It is because the past experience and knowledge can not apply to all situation. Importance of cognitive competence in leadership Cognitive competence is important in leadership. A research points out that cognitive skills were found to be directly correlate with high-level of leadership performance in a MLE (Military Leadership Exercises) research. (Marshall-Mies et al. , 2000) Often included intelligence, general skills, crystallized skills (e. g. oral and written expression and comprehension), and creative or divergent thinking capacities are cognitive capabilities that should influence leadership performance. (Connelly, Gilbert, Zaccaro, Threlfall, Marks Mumford, 2000). I also agree that cognitive competence is important in leadership. First of all, leader with higher level of cognitive competence can deal with different kinds of problems with his own way of thinking. That means they can find out his own most effective way to tackle the problem without copying others method. This gives the leader independency that he does not need to rely on others too much. It also gives them maturity that they can have their own way of thinking. Independency and maturity surely are the important factors of a leader. This makes people happy and feeling safe to follow you. Secondly, leader with high level of cognitive competence can have great contribution to the team. They can give out a lot of useful ideas that no one has thought of before. This already makes them the strongest ones or the most unique ones in the team. People would love to follow leaders which are stronger than them. Again, this makes them feel safe. Finally, leaders with high level of cognitive competence can have a clear mind and know what is wrong in the team. They know what the team should do (goal). And they evaluate the performance of the team, and find out what should be improved. That means they are not only using cognitive skills in problem solving, but also in team management. It is because â€Å"team management† itself is already a task. People with higher cognitive competence usually have higher IQ and are conflicts encountering (Heydenberk R. A. and Heydenberk W. R. , Increasing Meta-Cognitive Competence through Conflict Resolution(2005)) Ways to enhance the level of cognitive competence Before discussing how to enhance the level of cognitive competence, I think we should first identify what cannot be changed or be improved. They are called constrains. Through understanding what are the constrains, we can focus on what can and what should be improved. The constrains include family background, intelligence and personality. These factors are sort of fixed, or can only have little change. So, to raise the level of cognitive competence, I think it is effective that we try to learn as much as possible. This is to enhance our knowledge and enrich our experience. As mentioned, knowledge and past experience are two important factors affecting one’s cognitive ability. This is because they are our own sources of information about the problem being coped. We can make use of this information to find a way to solve the problem. We may not figure out any new method, at least we know how people deal with it previously. In Janet E, Et Al, The Role of metacognition in Problem Solving, four steps of thinking is also mentioned to guide people to solve problems. They are: 1. Identifying and defining the problem 2. Mentally representing the problem 3. Planning how to proceed 4. Evaluating what you know about your performance This way of thinking can help people to organized their thoughts, so that they can deal with the problem step by step. I think it is a quite useful way to improve cognitive performance because it makes people organized and focus on one job at a time. This prevents them from being interrupted from different sources. Furthermore, it helps people to think logically. Part 2 Self-reflection Hong Kong students are known to be a copycat. We are blamed to have low level of creativity and afraid to try new things. People always say that we just copy things from others or textbooks without digesting them. But I think it is not totally my case. I am not a stupid student. I used to be very creative in primary school. Others describe me as naughty. It is because all my creativity is used in inventing new ways to play tricks on my classmates. I remember one time I played a game in an activity class. My teacher ask my group to use a deck of playing cards to build a tower as high as we can. Then we started. Other groups are using the traditional method (see left). Obviously it requires high technique. Therefore they can only built towers with few floors high. But I figured out another method. I folded up two cards, turned them sideway to make two â€Å"L† shape walls, put them facing each other to make a square wall, on top of it I placed a flat card. And I repeated to do this. Of course, my team built the highest tower. But guess what happened next. My teacher told us that was against the rules. Playing cards are not supposed to be folded (She didn’t tell us before the game). We lose that competition at the end. I think, after this event, my creativity started to slowly bury in my heart deeply. When I recall this event, I discover one important thing. That is our creativity is often being restricted by our teachers, and our education system. Teachers set all the projects, homework with rules and restrictions, trying to make them easier to mark and compare. But this made our assignments all looking the same. Examination questions have all the model answers, this made our student the same person who can only memorize answers without digesting the questions and answer them in their own way. Not that I don’t have critical thinking and creativity. It is just because they have to be thrown away to survive in HK’s education system. Take the example of A-level exams, the curriculum is very tight that teachers even cannot have time to teach us all the topics included. How would I have time to individually explore all the topics taught? Instead, in order to get high grades in this exam, I spent most of the time on memorizing past paper’s model answers. I know it would not help my cognitive development, but getting into a good university is more important to me. I believe this is also the problem of many students. Now, when I am given a problem to solve, I still try my best to explore the alternatives. May be this is due to my personality. I just don’t like to be the same with others. I like to be unique. But I think I am not creative as I was small anymore. Apart from the reason about the restrictions set by teachers just discussed, another possible reason may be due to my own knowledge and experience. As I mentioned in part 1 of this report, knowledge and experience, although can help to solve your problem, they sometimes hinder your cognitive performance. Sometimes this happens to me. I just rely too much on the knowledge and experience, and cannot think out of the box. But the major reason is still because of the education system in HK. But in the university, a place to train student’s critical thinking and creativity, I think that this problem would become less severe. To improve my cognitive abilities, I think the best way is to train to have independent critical thinking. Don’t rely too much on knowledge from any sources and my own or others’ past experience. Always try my best to look for other possible alternatives. Although this might spend a lot more time and at the end there may not come up any new things. But I think the process can also help me to develop my cognitive skills. Although it might hinder my cognitive performance, I think it is still important to enrich my knowledge and broaden my horizon. This is because learning more can let me compare different theories and thus train my independent critical thinking. They are also my valuable first encountered source when any problem comes to me. Part 3 Reference Willis SL. (1996). Everyday cognitive competence in elderly persons: conceptual issues and empirical findings, Oct;36(5):595-601 The W. T. Grant Consortium on the School-Based Promotion of Social Competence (1992: 136) Catalano, R. F. , Berglund, M. L. , Ryan, J. A. M. , Lonczak, H. S. , Hawkins, J. D. (2002). Positive youth development in the United States: Research findings on evaluations of positive youth development programs. Prevention and Treatment, 5 (15), 1-106. Grundmann, M. ; Teo, Thomas; Socialization, intelligence, and cognitive competence (1997) Marshall-Mies et al. , 2000 Connelly, Gilbert, Zaccaro, Threlfall, Marks Mumford, 2000 Heydenberk R. A. and Heydenberk W. R. , Increasing Meta-Cognitive Competence through Conflict Resolution(2005) How to cite Cognitive Competence, Papers

Edward Snowden Case And Morality Of Secrecy -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Edward Snowden Case And Morality Of Secrecy? Answer: Introduction Information Ethics is the branch of ethics that deals with the organization, collection and use of information or data according to the ethical standards and moral codes. It provides a framework concerning the ethical issues related to privacy and security of information, problems arising from the ownership of information, data or facts and many more (Floridi, 2013). An analysis of the most famous case of Edward Snowden is done in this report using Doing Ethics Technique and on the basis of ACS code of ethics. DET is a technique of analysing the ethical issues in a scenario. Though it does not provide best solution but van force someone to think ethically (McDermid, 2015). On the other hand, ACS code of ethics provides six core ethical values which are to be followed by each and every member of the society. These values allow the individuals to act with responsibility and integrity with respect to all their professional dealings (Acs.org.au, 2014). Edwards case is analysed on the basis of these two techniques, out of which one provides the details and all the facts including ethical issues and complications about the case, whereas the other deals with the degree of persuasion of ACS ethical codes by Snowden. The report provides details of various statements made by many authorities in respect to his actions followed by a conclusion that shows the result of both the analysis and provide overall recommendations. Synopsis of the case In year 2013, a 29 year old individual employed as a computer expert at National Security Agency and a former CIA systems administrator, Edward Snowden was held responsible for leaking the confidential government documents to reporters at The Guardian and The Washington Post. According to the US government and many legal authorities, Edward violated the Espionage Act 1917, which defines the leak of state records as an act of betrayal. But despite the fact that he broke the law, Edward argued that it was his moral responsibility to inform the public about what is done for and against them. Many people regarded the act of Snowden as ethical whereas many treated him as Traitor (Nolan, 2017). Case facts There are some facts about the case which describes it in a nutshell. They also provides the evidence regarding the statements made in support and against the case. Following are: Edward Snowden is an ex-CIA agent who released the intimate information to press about the data mining program of NSA. The documents which got leaked contains the details of NSA surveillance programs that collect and perform data mining on millions of US phones and Internet traffic data in order to identify the links with known terrorists (Branum and Charteris-Black, 2015). According to the government and American Law, his actions violates espionage. Snowden opposed all the allegations put on him by stating that it was his act of whistleblowing. The Attorney General of US, Eric Holder, stated that he harmed the national security and broke the law, for which he should be held accountable (Fenner, 2014) Jesselyn Radack, a member of Government Accountability Project took the side of Edward by considering his actions to be ethically true and by arguing that he worked for public welfare (Fenner, 2014). Issues related to the case The disclosure of the governments wide surveillance program has fuelled an emotional debate related to privacy, secrecy and security. These disclosure raised three fundamental issues that are: People raised the question on the working of governments that was it okay to conduct such a massive program and to maintain such extensive files. Another issue was that, the government keep the surveillance program secret from the public. The question raised that was it ethical to do so (Greenwald, MacAskill and Poitras, 2013). The case involved an issue which addresses that did the government provide a justification for the disclosure of classified information by Edward, if it was not hiding the program from public. Ethical issues related to breach of law, legality, nations privacy and security also arises in the case (Harding, 2014). However, there were no answers to these questions. In fact, the officials who respect privacy were also involved in this. People who get affected Edward Snowden Looking at his deeds, US Government annulled his passport and its Whistle blower Protection Act does not allow him to enter the country because of his contractual working with the government. So on a whole the case had negative impact on the life of Snowden (Von Solms and van Heerden, 2015). NSA As per the reforms presented by Obama administration, NSA could no longer directly collect the call records from the telephone companies and required a court approval to do the same. On the top of this, NSA was allowed to collect data two hops from the source. Foreign relationships The case had also impacted the foreign relations of United States. Countries like Brazil, Germany, and Russia with whom US maintain relations, had decided to downgrade the commercial ties with the country. Brazil president cancelled his planned visit to US in October 2013, Germany asked for the investigation of NSA spying on it and Russia took the advantage of Snowdens statements to define US as two-faced. All these incidents hinder the relationship of US with these countries (Von Solms and van Heerden, 2015). Cloud based companies There were doubts about the cloud based services offered by American companies on American soil, as the outside governments were suspecting that they might have been spied upon. Due to the disclosures, the US technological companies suffers high losses and damages (Von Solms and van Heerden, 2015). Ethical issues and its implications According to German philosopher Immanuel Kant, the actions of Edward Snowden were against the ethics. The Kant theory states that certain actions like murder, theft and lying are strictly prohibited, even if they give a positive result. He said that the reason for performing actions is not pleasure but to produce a will that is good and a good will is established by acting for the sake of the duty (O'Neill, 2013). According to his theory, Snowden must have act for his duty towards NSA and US government. By leaking the secret documents, he violates the ethics of privacy, secrecy and confidentiality of the nation. He must had perform his duty as an employee of NSA rather than acting as whistle blower. National security and privacy was hindered by his deeds which left a great impact on the overall country. USAs foreign relationships got worse, security and general public has affected a lot and even Edward himself had to face many things because of breach of his duty ethics (Lyon, 2014). Solutions to solve the case Considering Kants theory, Edward has many alternatives to stop the surveillance program. He could go to the regulatory authorities, or any legal department regarding the case. In fact he could consult with one of the organization member rather than secretly disclosing the information in the media. He could have done this without violating his duty ethics. Options available Various options were available like talking about the concern with one of the colleague, consulting to a NGO or legal authority or a regulatory department about the issue. Best Option The best option which could be exercised was Snowden taking the help of legal and regulatory departments regarding surveillance program. He must have spoken to them regarding penetrating privacy of general public by NSA. This could make his actions legal and also in favour of both the country and public. If he had opt for this alternative, then situation would be different than that of what happened after his sudden disclosure to the media. The primacy of public interest According to ACS code of ethics, one should keep the interest of public above all. An individuals actions must be in favour of public interest prior to the business or sectional interest. The person should act within the law and should comply with the society rule of giving first priority to the public (McDermid, 2015). In Edward Snowden case, he has followed this ACS code of ethics as he revealed about the NSA surveillance program to the public, fulfilling his duty of whistle blower. He told the public about NSAs secret program of collecting the private information of general public related to their phone calls, contacts, emails, messages and everything. He did not think of breaking the legal laws and security of the nation and follow his whistleblowing ethics by keeping public interest above all. The enhancement of quality of life This code of ethics deals with enhancing the quality of life of the people who are affected by the work of an individual. The development of ICT has significant impact on the life styles and society of people. The technology has both negative and positive impact, so in order to reduce such negative effects, an ethical approach of improving the quality of life of affected people is followed (Weckert, 2017). Edward knows that the surveillance program conducted by NSA would largely impact the live of Americans. Tracking the record of personal data of general public by using technology, would not be acceptable in any means and the organization should not cross its limits. Through leaking the classified documents, Snowden make the people aware about the deeds of NSA and protect them from their implications. In a manner, he followed the ethics of enhancing the life quality of Americans. Honesty All the professional decisions and actions of an individual must underline its utmost honesty and integrity. There may be some circumstances which forces an individual to be deceptive in some way and to act for his benefits. This type of behaviour is strictly prohibited as per the ethic of honesty (Bowern, et. al. 2006).Talking about honesty, Edward somehow not followed this code as he stole the documents and gave them to the reporters without the concern of NSA. This shows his breach of honesty towards his organization. Though his revelations benefited to public to some extent but his actions towards his duty shows dishonesty in his professional career. He broke the code of honesty and loses the trust of his stakeholders. Competence It means an individual must accept only that work, for which he is capable of doing. He must be competent to perform and should not hesitate to take advice from the qualified experts. The person must know his limitations, his capabilities and knowledge about using all the facets of ICT (Aasheim, 2011). Keeping this ethic in mind, Snowden was capable of doing both the work that is keeping the NSA program as a secret and revealing it about to the general public. As all knows, he chose to release the documents to the press agencies, following other ethics related to primacy of public interest and enhancement of quality of life. Though it is a fact that it did it in a dishonest way, but he was aware about all the facts, standards and legislation related to the program, which he thought to make people aware about. So in some manner, he followed competency in his profession. Professional Development This code allows the person to keep himself updated about the new technologies, standards and practices related to his work. An individual must increase its awareness about the issues which affects his relations with public and profession. He should support the programs concerning with training and development of ICT that helps in satisfying the needs of individual professional and their career. Edward Snowden was very much aware about the changes going in the organization, technologies used by NSA employees to conduct the surveillance program and the consequences of the same on the country. He updated himself with all the facts and classified documents related to PRISM, gather all the information and then released it into the public through the reporters of The Guardian and The Washington Post. The US government still feels that Edward has some more information regarding the program, which he did not disclosed to public. Professionalism This code of ethic defines that there should be professionalism in anything a person do. He should maintain professional standards and the society should be aware of the fact that ACS can help them to resolve ethical dilemmas. It can assist in taking correct actions like whistle-blowing (Al-Saggaf, Burmeister and Schwartz, 2017). Edward follow his professionalism to the extent where his actions justify the ethics of a whistle-blower. He went against NSA and decides to showcase organizations secret program as he thought that NSA was breaching the privacy of public. But from US government, NSA and some peoples point of view, he violates the law of Espionage, breaches national security and privacy which shows his unprofessionalism toward his duty. Conclusion The above report concludes that there were some ethical issues which came into notice by applying DET to the case study. It is reported that in order to fulfil his whistle-blowers responsibility, he violates the country laws which affected many people including himself. He loses the trust of his organization and US government and also hinders privacy and security of the country. By revealing the secret program of NSA, he portrays himself as a traitor in eyes of many people which includes government officials and legal authorities. The technique also provides some options that can be applied by Edward to solve the issues, which would not result in breaking of laws, his loyalty towards NSA and his duty ethics. The report also concludes that he almost followed all the six ethical values laid down by ACS. His actions justifies and reflects those moral code of ethics which are required to be followed by an ICT professional. From this perspective, his deeds completely justifies him but from the point of view of Kants ethical approach, Snowdens actions include one of the certain action that is stealing of the documents, which is prohibited and against ethics according to Immanuel Kant. Although he was seen as a hero for many people as he prevents the privacy of general people from being hampered. Many people justified his actions as his duty of whistle-blower and its ethics. So overall, it can be said that Edward Snowden was traitor as well as a hero according to his actions. But if he had followed a legal procedure for doing all this, then he might have saved himself from such allegations and repercussions. 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